Precision parts processing manufacturers share with you what common mechanical failures will occur in parts processing centers

Precision parts processing manufacturers share with you what common mechanical failures will occur in parts processing centers

Common mechanical failures and preventive measures of spare parts processing centers

1. Common faults of main shaft components

The spindle is a key component of the CNC lathe of the spare parts machining center. Most of the surface accuracy of the production and processing is related to the spindle, so the quality of the spindle is very important. Because of the application of electromagnetic speed regulation motor, the structure of CNC lathe headstock is very simple, and the position that is very prone to common failures is the automatic clamping mechanism of CNC blades inside the spindle, automatic transmission equipment, etc. In order to ensure that the tool holder is not easy to loosen automatically during work or when the power is off, the automatic clamping mechanism of the CNC blade adopts the spring clamping. If the CNC blade cannot be loosened after being clamped, consider adjusting the working pressure of the hydraulic cylinder for loosening the knife and the limit switch device or adjust the nut on the butterfly spring to reduce the amount of elastic pressing. In addition, the problem of the hot spindle and the noise of the spindle box cannot be ignored. At this time, the key consideration is to clean the spindle box, adjust the amount of grease, ensure the cleanliness of the spindle box, replace the spindle rolling bearing, repair or replace the spindle box drive gear etc.

2. Common faults of the tool drive chain In the tool drive system software of the spare parts machining center, the ball screw pair, the negative pressure screw nut pair, the turning guide rail, the negative pressure guide rail and the plastic guide rail are widely used. Therefore, there are common faults in the knife drive chain, and the key manifestation is that the quality of fitness exercise is reduced. Such as: mechanical parts are not exercised to the required parts, the operation is terminated, the precise positioning accuracy is reduced, the gap in the opposite direction is enlarged, crawling, and the noise of the rolling bearing is increased (after hitting the car), etc. This kind of common failure can be prevented according to the following countermeasures:

(1) Improve the transmission accuracy Adjust the pre-tightening force of each motion pair, adjust the loosening stage, clear the transmission gap, reduce the transmission chain and set the deceleration transmission gear in the transmission chain, and also improve the transmission accuracy.

(2) Improve the bending stiffness of the transmission. Adjusting the pre-tightening force of the screw nut pair and supporting members and effectively selecting the specifications of the ball screw are reasonable countermeasures to improve the bending stiffness of the transmission. Insufficient bending stiffness will continue to cause crawling and vibration of the console or pallet and cause overcurrent protection in the opposite direction, jeopardizing the accuracy of the transmission.

(3) Improve the accuracy of fitness exercise. Under the premise of considering the compressive strength and bending stiffness of the components, try to reduce the quality of the fitness movement components, reduce the diameter and quality of the rotating parts, so as to reduce the inertial force of the fitness movement components and improve the fitness movement accuracy.

(4) The guide rail is more sensitive to dirt, so it is necessary to have an excellent safety device, and the selection of the pre-tightening force of the flip guide should be appropriate, and the driving force will be significantly improved by over-communication. The negative pressure guide rail needs to have a set of oil system software provided with excellent filtering effect.