What is the choice of hardware components and manufacturing process for CNC machine tools?
There are generally two situations in which parts are manufactured on a CNC machine. One case: there are part patterns and blanks, and the CNC machine tool suitable for the part should be selected. Another situation: There are already CNC machine tools, and parts suitable for the machine tools are selected. In both cases, the main factors to consider are the material and part profile complexity, size, accuracy, number of parts, heat treatment requirements, etc. of the semi-finished product.
The following describes how to choose machine tools:
Determination of CNC Machining Method
Selection of process method: The principle of selection of process method is to ensure the requirements of surface accuracy and roughness. Since there are often many ways to achieve the same level of accuracy, in the actual selection, full consideration is given to the shape, size and heat treatment requirements of the part.
The principle of planning determination: The process of the upper surface of the part is usually realized gradually through roughing, semi-precision and precision. It is not enough to select the appropriate method based on the quality requirements of these surfaces. The plan from the semi-finished product to the finished product should be properly determined. When determining the scheme, firstly, according to the requirements of the main surface accuracy and surface roughness, the methods required to meet these requirements are preliminarily determined.
Selection of CNC machine tools
Purpose of a lathe: A lathe is a machine tool that mainly uses turning tools to turn rotating workpieces. Lathes are mainly used for machining various rotating surfaces and end faces of rotating bodies. Such as turning inner and outer cylindrical surfaces, tapered surfaces, annular grooves and forming rotary surfaces, turning end faces and various common threads, and processing various special-shaped surfaces with process equipment. Drills, reamers, reamers, taps, dies and knurling tools are also available for corresponding machining on lathes.
Purpose of milling machine: A milling machine is a machine tool with a wide range of uses. On milling machines, it can machine planes, grooves, surfaces of toothed parts and various curved surfaces. In addition, it can be used for machining and cutting surfaces of rotating bodies and bores. The workpiece of the milling machine is mounted on the operating table or indexing head and other accessories. The main movement of the rotary milling cutter supplements the feed movement of the operating table or the milling head, and the workpiece can obtain the desired workpiece surface. Milling machines are more efficient due to multi-cut intermittent cutting.
The use of slotting: slotting machines are mainly used to process various flat and linear forming surfaces. If equipped with a profiling device, it can also process space curved surfaces, such as turbine impellers, spiral grooves, etc. The tool structure of this machine is simple and inefficient because it does not cut during the return stroke. It is usually used for single piece small batch processes.
Use of boring machine: This boring machine is suitable for face milling and hole cutting of single or small batch parts. The end of the headstock is designed with a flat rotating radial tool holder, which can be boring and flat. In addition, drilling, reaming and thread cutting can be performed.
Use of Grinders: Grinding tools are used as tools to cut the surface of a workpiece. The machine is collectively referred to as a grinder. Grinders can be used on a variety of surfaces such as inner and outer cylindrical and conical surfaces, flat surfaces, gear tooth surfaces, helical surfaces and various profiled surfaces. Grinding and cutting, etc., the processing range is very wide. Because grinding is easy to obtain high precision and good surface quality, the grinding machine is mainly used for the precision machining of parts, especially the precision machining of hardened steel parts and high hardness special materials.
Purpose of Drill Press: A drill press is a versatile and versatile machine tool that can drill, ream, ream, flatten and tap parts. Drilling is also possible when the radial drilling machine is equipped with process equipment, and the keyway can be milled with a universal console on a bench drill.
