What is CNC lathe processing and its equipment structure?
What is CNC lathe processing and its equipment structure?
The working principle of the lathe is to use the rotation of the spindle and the movement of the bed to turn the material into the desired workpiece.
A lathe is a machine tool that fixes the workpiece on the spindle and rotates at high speed to process the tool with a feed motion. The lathe is a machine tool in which the motor rotates the main shaft through the belt and gear transmission system, drives the workpiece on the main shaft chuck to rotate, and then uses the turning tool fixed on the tool holder for processing. turn. The main workpiece is a round bar. Cutting work includes turning end faces, inner and outer diameters, arcs, tapers, drilling, boring, eccentricity, embossing, cutting, grooving, and threading.
The structure of the lathe
head stock
Including main shaft, main shaft gear transmission mechanism, external gear train. Main shaft: install chuck to hold workpiece; main shaft gear transmission mechanism: drive main shaft to rotate and change speed; external gear train: drive feed for automatic feeding and thread turning.
bed
Made of cast iron, it supports the spindle head, tool holder and tailstock. The slide rails on the bedside table consist of flat rails and V rails, providing sliding of tool slides and tailstocks.
Tool holder assembly
saddle:
The tool holder can accommodate different types of turning tools and gauge holders.
The compound tool holder has a longitudinal feed mechanism, which can rotate to adjust the angle of turning taper and angle.
The infeed handwheel is an important mechanism to control the outer diameter.
apron:
The longitudinal feed handwheel is used for the forward and backward movement of the tool slide and the control of the length during rough turning.
The horizontal and vertical automatic feeding mechanism cooperates with the transmission of the external gear train of the lathe, which can automatically rotate at different feeding speeds.
The thread cutting mechanism is adjusted by the external gear train, and the thread turning indicator can be used to turn the thread with the required pitch.
Automatic feed and tangent mechanism
The main shaft power is transmitted to the external gear train, which drives the lead screw to rotate, and realizes the functions of automatic feeding and threading.
tailings
For mounting drill chucks or taper shank drills for centering, drilling, tapping and reaming. For mounting the top.
Other accessories of lathe:
Lathe Chuck: A chuck is a mechanical device used to hold a workpiece on a machine tool.
Lathe Panel: A panel, also known as a panel, is a basic fixture accessory for a lathe, used on wood or metal lathes. It is a round metal (usually cast iron) plate. The faceplate has many radial or irregular parallel elongated grooves for drilling and drilling of larger or irregularly shaped workpieces, as well as workpieces that cannot be clamped by other methods.
Lathe refers to: the hole used to machine the workpiece. The two ends of the main shaft are provided with middle holes, one end is supported by the middle, and the other end enters the main shaft end.
In the lathe: The top middle is used to support the work. It is installed at the end of the main shaft, called the live top, also known as the front center, and is installed on the tailstock, called the dead center or the rear center.
Lathe driven disc: The drive disc is mounted on the main shaft of the lathe. As it rotates, it rotates the workpiece sandwiched between the two tops for turning.
Lathe Collection Collet: A collet is a part that is primarily responsible for clamping small diameter workpieces to the spindle end. Mainly used for hexagonal lathes and automatic lathes.
Lathe middle frame: It is a stable bracket used to support slender workpieces. It is installed on the tool rest and moves with it to avoid workpiece deflection.
Lathe corner plate: Auxiliary tool for workpieces that cannot be mounted directly on the panel.
Lathe V groove block (V clamp block): used to determine the middle position of the workpiece.
Lathe turning tool: used for machining and machining the appearance of the workpiece.
What is CNC lathe machining?
CNC lathe processing is mainly based on circular workpieces, such as rings, bars, etc. CNC lathe processing, which has not been invented in recent years, has gradually evolved from lathe processing. Among them, NC stands for 'Numerical Control', which uses numerical values and symbols to control machine motion; CNC stands for 'computer numerical control'.
